Original Research Article
Year: 2021 | Month: January-March | Volume: 6 | Issue: 1 | Pages: 21-29
Study of Intraocular Pressure in Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Arun Samal1, L Panda2, Z U Khan3, R. J. Dash4, K. K. Sahoo5
1Associate Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, HI-Tech Medical College and Hospital,
Bhubaneswar, Odisha State, India.
2Assistant Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, HI-Tech Medical College and Hospital,
Bhubaneswar, Odisha State, India.
3Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, HI-Tech Medical College and Hospital,
Bhubaneswar, Odisha State, India.
4Professor and Head, Department of Endocrinology, HI-Tech Medical College and Hospital,
Bhubaneswar, Odisha State, India.
5Professor Biostatistics, Department of Community Medicine, HI-Tech Medical College and Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha State, India
Corresponding Author: Arun Samal
ABSTRACT
Objectives: Determination of intraocular pressure of diabetes and diabetic retinopathy patients and the normal population.
Methods: Six hundred sixty four patients (n=1328 eyes) of age 40 years or more were studied in five groups. Eyes of diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy, mild/moderate nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy, severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy, proliferative diabetic retinopathy and control group on exclusion of ocular comorbidities. Data recorded were age, sex, intraocular pressure by noncontact tonometer and grades of diabetic retinopathy in each eye.
Results: The mean intraocular pressure was 18.24 ± 3.72 mmHg in the 908 diabetic eyes. Of the 908 eyes the intraocular pressure was 15.00 ± 2.61 mmHg in no apparent diabetic retinopathy (n = 495), 17.6 ± 2.8 mmHg in mild to moderate nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (n=239), 19.4 ± 2.6 mmHg in severe diabetic retinopathy (n = 144), 20.9 ± 6.3 mmHg in eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (n = 30) and 15.72±3.71 mmHg in the 420 nondiabetic control eyes.
The intraocular pressure of each diabetic group were considerably higher than the nondiabetic group (p < 0.001). One way ANOVA test showed the test as highly significant at 5% level and intraocular pressure values of all these five groups differ significantly.
Conclusions: The intraocular pressure is higher in diabetic patients than normal. Intraocular pressure increased significantly on increasing severity of diabetic retinopathy showing a positive correlation between intraocular pressure and grades of diabetic retinopathy.
Keywords: Intraocular pressure, Diabetic retinopathy, open-angle glaucoma.