Original Research Article
Year: 2020 | Month: October-December | Volume: 5 | Issue: 4 | Pages: 207-214
Determinants of Poor Glycaemic Control among Type 2 Diabetic Patients at a Suburban Tertiary Hospital in North-Western Nigeria
Abdulmumini Yakubu1, Shafiu. Dahiru2, Abdulllahi Sulaiman. Mainasara3, Peter Ocheni. Anaja4, Badamasi. Musa5, Haliru Abdullahi Hassan6
1Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, Nigeria
2Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program (NFELTP), Asokoro Abuja – Nigeria.
3Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto Nigeria.
4Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria-Nigeria,
5State Primary Healthcare Development Agency (SPHCDA), Dutse – Jigawa State Nigeria.
6Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Basic Health Sciences, Bayero University Kano Nigeria.
Corresponding Author: Abdulmumini Yakubu
ABSTRACT
Background: Poor glycaemic control is a major public health problem among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It has been implicated in the development of most diabetes complications. This study was carried out to identify the determinants of poor glycemic control among type 2 diabetes patients attending Rasheed Shakoni specialist hospital, Dutse. Nigeria.
Materials and Method: A cross sectional study was conducted among eighty type 2 diabetic patients attending diabetic clinic of Rasheed Shakoni specialist hospital, Dutse. Structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were measured using a standard Mercury Sphygmomanometer. Ion-exchange method was used for the estimation of glycated haemoglobin.
Results: About seventy three (73.75 %) percent of the patients had poor glycaemic control. Forty-five percent (45 %) of the patients practiced dietary control as recommended by the clinicians while 50 % of the patients observed regular follow-up to the diabetic clinic, and 64% of patients participated in regular physical exercise. Poor glycaemic control was significantly associated with male gender (p<0.05) and non-practice of dietary control (p<0.05). Males were about four times more likely to have poor glycaemic control than females and patients who did not practice dietary control were about five times more kely to have poor glycaemic control than those that practice dietary control. There was evidence of effect modification and confounding by other factors including the presence of co-morbidities (hypertension and obesity), marital status, employment status, regular follow-up to diabetic clinic, duration of the diabetes, and age of the patients.
Conclusion: The proportion of diabetic patients with poor glycemic control in Dutse, Jigawa State was high. Male gender and non-practice of diet control were the major determinants of poor glycaemic control. Effect modification and confounding of this may be brought about by presence of co-morbidities (hypertension and obesity), marital status, employment status, regular follow-up to diabetic clinic, duration of the diabetes, and age of the patients. We recommend strict diet control especially in the higher risk groups for successful diabetes management.
Keywords: Poor Glycaemic Control, Type 2 Diabetic, Tertiary Hospital,North-Western Nigeria