Original Research Article
Year: 2020 | Month: July-September | Volume: 5 | Issue: 3 | Pages: 153-157
Intraocular Pressure Changes in Different Degrees of Myopia
Megwas, A.U., Onuoha, S.U., Ugwoke, G.I., Okorie, M.E., Ibe, C.N., Azuamah, Y.C., Daniel-Nwosu, E.I., Nwawume, I.C., Umunnakwe, L.O., Ogbonna, U.C.
Department of Optometry, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria
Corresponding Author: Megwas, A.U
ABSTRACT
Myopia is a refractive condition of the eye in which the images of distant objects are focused in front of the retina when accommodation is relaxed. Intraocular pressure (IOP) is the pressure within the eyeball. This study was carried out to investigate the intraocular pressure changes in the different degrees of myopia. The study was a clinical study carried out at the Department of Optometry Teaching Clinic, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo state, Nigeria. Clinical tests performed on the subjects include case history, visual acuity, external eye examination, ophthalmoscopy, static retinoscopy and subjective refraction. The subjects with myopia were grouped into three according to the degree of myopia. Their intraocular pressure was measured using the indentation tonometry. A total of 50 subjects were used for this study. Twenty-five (50.00%) of the subjects had low myopia; 21 (42.00%) had medium myopia and 4 (8.00%) had high myopia. Results showed that for subjects with low myopia, those with IOP of 10 - 15 were 10 (20.00%); 16 -20, 13 (26.00%); 21 – 25, 2 (4.00%); 26 – 30, 0 (0.00%). For subjects with medium myopia, those with IOP of 10 - 15 were 11 (22.00%); 16 -20, 10 (20.00%); none of the subjects had IOP above 20mmHg. For subjects with high myopia, none had IOP of 10 – 15 and above 20 mmHg; 4 (8.00%) had IOP between 16 and 20 mmHg. The mean IOP values were 17.13±3.97, 16.63±3.09 and 20.15±1.29 mmHg for low, medium and high myopes respectively. SPSS data analysis using the one-way ANOVA at 0.05 level of significance showed that there was a significant difference (P< 0.05) in the IOP values between the different degrees of myopia. Eye care practitioners were advised to closely monitor the IOP of their myopic patients.
Keywords: Myopia, Intraocular pressure, Low myopia, Medium myopia, High Myopia